MASTER OF WIRING
线束修复技能
文/Sam Bell
The key to soldering is simple: Heat the work, not the solder.For a splice, start by removing a sufficient amount of insulation and sliding a piece of shrink wrap onto the wires to be soldered. Move the shrink wrap well away from the splice area, then interweave or tie a mechanically strong splice.Use only an electrical solder—
rosin core, not acid! Heat up your soldering iron and tin it by allowing it to melt a drop of solder onto its tip. Now press the hot iron firmly against the splice
while letting the free end of your solder rest against the other side of the joint. When the solder flows, remove the iron and let the area cool. Now slide your shrink wrap in place and warm it with a heat gun for a positive weather seal.
焊接的关键因素是简单的：加热工件，而不是焊料。对于一个绞接处接头，从移开足够的绝缘材料开始，再滑移一件热收缩管装到需焊接的线束上。先移动收缩管远离接头区域，然后把绞接处线束交织或打结成机械强度足够大的接头。为增强接头“润肤效果”，还需要使用电气焊膏-松香芯，非酸性的！加热你的电烙铁，通过允许其热量融化的一滴锡滴在它的{jd0}来锡化它。现在，紧按住电烙铁顶压在接头上，同时让余下的锡焊料的“空闲”的未端去接触接头的另一侧。当锡焊料开始流动，移开电烙铁，使该位置降温冷却。现在可以把收缩管滑动到这个位置，用热风枪加热以达到一个有效的密封。
For soldering components onto a circuit board, the same basic rule of heating the work applies. Remember to install appropriate heat sinks to protect components from damage. Use a small, hot iron with a sharp tip to get in and out quickly. You’ll
probably have to use a “desoldering bulb” and an appropriate solder wick (typically, a fine-woven copper strap) to help remove the original components you’re replacing.
涉及到将部件焊接到电路板上时，同样的加热基本规则也是适用的。请记住，安装适当的散热装置，以防止损坏元件。使用一个小的，有尖锐端的烙铁加热后通过快进和快出进行焊接cz。n将可能会不得不使用到“吸锡球器”和适当的焊料灯芯（通常为细铜编织带），以帮助移动你将要替换的原来组成部件。
Crimpable connectors are acceptable for most wiring repair work. Use a positive crimping tool that applies sufficient pressure before releasing.If you’re running a new wire to bypass an existing wire you’re leaving in place, please write two labels (“brown wire replaces original green/yellow for TPS reference”). Cover
them with clear tape, then attach one at each end of the harness. Don’t you wish the last guy had? When bypassing a damaged connector cavity, consider whether the wiring will likely need to be separated for future service work. If so, install
an appropriate weathertight connector on the new wiring now so you won’t have to cut the wire next time. If you think no one is ever likely to need to disconnect, at least leave a bit of slack so there’ll be room for a connector when you turn out to need it the next time after all.
对于大多数的线路维修，可压褶的连接器是可以接受的。使用正确的压接工具，来保证在释放前能够提供足够的压力，如果你让一个新的电线绕过现有你所选择地方的电线，请写两个标签（“棕丝代替原来的绿色/黄色作参考”）。用区别明显的带子将他们包裹起来，然后将标签附加在每根线缆的未端。难道你不希望{zh1}维修人员这样做吗？当绕过损坏的连接插头的空插腔时，可考虑维修布线是否有可能为今后的服务工作需要而进行分离式操作。如果是这样，可将适当的防水接头接入新的维修线路上，这样你就不必在下一次维修时再将线剪断了。如果你认为没有人可能需要断开此连接，至少也要留些松紧度以保证下次需要时能为你的插头安装找到空余的地方。
线路焊接修复前的准备:热风枪,可调温电热烙铁,焊锡膏,焊料(锡线)
加热焊脚,周边软化,保持距离,直至有镊子一夹拿下
焊接元件前对不规则底座,有必要平锡
对齐接脚可用电铬铁先抹锡出现亮银效果,单脚点焊或成线焊皆可,注意qc两脚连通焊熔物
对于二极管(黑标记)和三极管的小电气元件焊接建议用放大镜配合操作
两线绞接处焊接,对于小线径可以两接头分别挂锡然后合并操作加热补锡,dxjm花绞结后再匀镀
实操演示
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