第三册第六单元词汇详解_janelc_新浪博客

earthquake       
 
 
n. [C] (also quake) a sudden shaking of the Earth's surface 地震 
  In 1906 an earthquake destroyed much of San Francisco.
1906年，一场地震摧毁了旧金山的大部分地区。 
  Did you feel the earthquake a few hours ago?
几个小时前，你感觉到地震了吗？ 
 

  detect       
 
 
vt. notice or discover sth. that is difficult to see, feel, etc. 发现；查

出 
  Financial experts have detected signs that the economy is beginning to

improve.
经济学家们已经觉察到经济开始改善的迹象。 
  I detected a slight change in his attitude.
我察觉到他的态度有微妙的变化。 
 

  experimental       
 
 
a. used for, relating to, or resulting from experiments 实验的；根据实验

的 
  The drug is still at the experimental stage.
这种药还处在实验阶段。 
  The changes to the distribution system are purely experimental at the

moment.
分配体制的一些变革目前只是实验性的。 
 

  data       
 
 
n. [U] facts; information 资料；信息 
  The data is/are still being analyzed.
那些资料仍在分析中。 
  How much data can we store on one disk?
一张电脑磁盘可储存多少资料？ 
 

  radon       
 
 
n. [U] (Rn) 氡（一种由镭的衰变而产生的放射性气态元素） 
  He said detecting radon in drinking water would be extremely expensive

and might not help public health.
他说，检测饮用水中是否含有氡将会非常昂贵，而且并不一定有益于公众健康。 
 

  wax       
 
 
vi. become bigger or stronger 变大；增强 
  The fame of the film star waxed.
那个电影明星的知名度有所提高。 
  Her feelings for John wax and wane.
她对约翰的感情时好时坏。 
n. [U] a solid substance made of fat or oil and used to make candles,

polish sth., etc. 蜡 
  She watched the wax as it dripped down the side of the candle.
她注视着蜡油从蜡烛的边上滴落下来。 
  The envelope was sealed with wax.
信封用蜡封了口。 
 

  withstand       
 
 
vt. (withstood, withstood) be strong enough not to be harmed by sth. such

as great heat, cold, pressure, etc. 承受；顶住 
  The region needs housing which is strong enough to withstand severe

wind and storms.
这个地区需要结实的房屋来抵抗狂风和暴雨的袭击。 
  He managed to stay in power for over five years, withstanding all the

criticism and the pressure on him to leave.
他承受着所有的批评及要求他离职的压力，还是掌了5年多的权。 
 

  weld       
 
 
vt. join metals by melting their edges and pressing them together 焊接 
  The door was sheet metal welded on to the frame of iron.
门是焊接在一个铁框上的金属薄板。 
  The car has had a new wing welded on.
这辆汽车焊上了一个新的挡泥板。 
 

  joint       
 
 
n. 1. [C] a place where two parts of sth. are joined together 接头；接缝

；接合处 
  Repairs have involved replacing the joints between each 20-metre

stretch of road.
修理包括更换公路上每隔20米处的接缝。 
  Check the pipes for leaks at the joints.
检查一下管子的接缝是否有漏缝。 
 2. [C] a place where two bones are connected 关节 
  There are three main types of joints that allow either some, slight or

no movement of the bones.
有使骨骼能够活动、轻微活动或不能活动的三种主要关节。 
  Sports shoes are now designed to help protect the knee and hip joints.
现在设计的运动鞋有助于保护膝关节和髋关节。 
a. belonging to or shared between two or more people 共有的；联合的 
  This point is particularly important for joint venture projects.
这一点对合资企业项目来说尤其重要。 
  By our joint efforts we managed to push the car back on the road.
我们一起努力，终于把汽车推回到公路上。 
 

  architect       
 
 
n. [C] sb. whose job is to design buildings 建筑师；设计师 
  He is one of the most famous architects today.
他是当今最zm的建筑师之一。 
 

  column       
 
 
n. 1. [C] a tall solid upright stone post used to support a building or

as a decoration 柱；支柱 
  The roof of the temple was held up by a row of thick stone columns.
这座庙宇的屋顶是由一排粗大的石柱支撑着的。 
  What did it cost to put up those columns?
建造那些圆柱花了多少钱？ 
 2. [C] a line of numbers or words written under each other that goes

down a page 列；栏 
  Turn to page 5, column 2.
请翻到第5页第2栏。 
  I didn't have time to read the whole article—just the first column.
我没有时间读整篇文章──只读了{dy}栏。 
 

  horizontal       
 
 
a. flat and level 水平的 
  Draw a horizontal line across the bottom of the page.
在此页底部画一条水平线。 
  Keep the patient horizontal with the feet slightly raised.
让病人保持平卧，双脚略微抬高。 
 

  beam       
 
 
n. 1. [C] a long thick piece of wood or metal that supports a roof 梁；横

梁 
  The sitting room had exposed wooden beams and a large fireplace.
客厅里有几根裸木横梁和一个很大的壁炉。 
  The beams cracked and the top floor caved in.
横梁断裂，顶楼陷了下来。 
 2. [C] a line of light 光线；光束 
  I could see the beam of his torch waving around in the dark.
我能够看见他的手电筒的光在黑暗中四下晃动。 
  The beams of searchlights are scanning the sky.
探照灯的光束在天空扫过。 
 

  vertical       
 
 
a. pointing up in a line that forms an angle of 90°with a flat surface

垂直的；竖的 
  His shirt was a pattern of vertical and horizontal lines.
他的衬衫上是一种纵横线条的图案。 
  By the time the lifeboat arrived, the ship was almost vertical in the

water.
救生艇到达时，那艘船差不多已是竖着立在水中了。 
 

  pillar       
 
 
n. 1. [C] a tall upright round post used to support a building 柱子；柱状

物 
  Concrete pillars support the bridge.
水泥柱支撑着大桥。 
  A characteristic feature of this area is the detached pillars of rock

that stand in the sea.
这个地区的一个典型特征就是那些散落矗立在海中的石柱。 
 2. [C] sb. who is important and respected within a group 顶梁柱；骨干 
  Fanny is a pillar of the chess club.
范妮是象棋俱乐部的核心人物。 
  IBM's three pillars of business wisdom are service, people, and

perfection.
IBM的三大经营支柱是服务、员工和追求wm的精神。 
 

  rod       
 
 
n. [C] a long thin pole made of wood or metal 杆；竿；棒 
  He was given a fishing rod for his birthday.
他在生日时收到了一根钓鱼竿。 
  He bought a new fishing rod.
他买了一根新的钓鱼杆。 
 

  enclose       
 
 
vt. 1. (usu. passive) surround sth. 围住；包住 
  The park that encloses the monument has recently been enlarged.
围着那座纪念碑的公园最近被扩建了。 
  The fence that enclosed the house was painted white.
房子周围的篱笆被漆成了白色。 
 2. put inside an envelope or parcel, esp. in addition to sth. else 把...

装入信封；附寄 
  I enclose some money, which you may need for your expenses.
我同时寄去一点钱，你可用来支付开销。 
  With this letter I enclose a photograph.
随信附上照片一张。 
 

  cupboard       
 
 
n. [C] a piece of furniture used for storing clothes, plates, food, etc.

橱柜；壁橱 
  The sugar is in the cupboard.
白糖在食品橱里。 
  There's a cupboard where you can put your clothes.
有个橱柜可以用来放你的衣服。 
 

  cabinet       
 
 
n. 1. [C] a piece of furniture used for storing or showing things 储藏柜

；陈列柜 
  Valued pieces of china may be displayed in the cabinet.
贵重的瓷器可摆放在橱里。 
  Mother keeps her good dishes in a china cabinet.
母亲把她的好碟子放在瓷器柜中。 
 2. [C] (also Cabinet) a group of advisors chosen by the leader of a

government 内阁 
  Members of the cabinet were chosen by the Prime Minister.
内阁成员是由首相挑选的。 
  The Cabinet is/are meeting today to discuss the crisis.
内阁今天要开会商讨如何应对这次危机。 
 

  fasten       
 
 
vt. firmly close a window, gate, etc. so that it will not open 锁好；闩好

 
  Make sure that your seat belt is securely fastened.
确信你的安全带系牢了。 
  She fastened the notice to the board.
她把通知固定在布告栏里。 
 

  accidental       
 
 
a. happening by chance 偶然的；意外的 
  Are you insured against accidental damage to your property?
你参加了财产意外损伤保险了吗？ 
  Regulations are needed to limit accidental releases of these chemicals.
需要有制度来限制这些化学物意外泄漏。 
 

  　accidentally       
 
 
ad. by chance 偶然地；意外地 
  I accidentally locked myself out of the house.
我不小心将自己锁在了屋外。 
  She fell off the balance beam accidentally.
她意外地从平衡木上掉了下来。 
 

  region       
 
 
n. [C] an area of a country or the world 地区；区域 
  This region of France is very mountainous.
法国的这一地区有很多山。 
  Severe winter weather is expected in the northeast region of the

country.
预计该国东北地区冬天天气很冷。 
 

  gallon       
 
 
n. [C] （容量单位）加仑 
  I love milk—I drink gallons every day.
我爱喝牛奶──我每天喝大量的牛奶。 
 

  bacteria       
 
 
n. (pl.) very small living things that may cause diseases xj 
  Bacteria in drinking water have spread the illness.
饮用水中的病菌传播了疾病。 
 

  receiver       
 
 
n. 1. [C] a piece of equipment that changes electronic signals into sound

or pictures 接收机；接收器 
  a black and white receiver
黑白电视机 
  Do you have an FM receiver?
你有调频收音机吗？ 
 2. [C] the part of a telephone that one picks up in order to hear and

speak 电话听筒 
  Remember to replace the receiver when you have finished your call.
记住，打完电话后把听筒放好。 
  Jim had hung up the receiver.
吉姆已经挂断电话了。 
 

  battery       
 
 
n. [C] a device that provides power for radios, cars, etc. 电池 
  The toy costs $50—batteries not included.
这个玩具售价50美元，电池另售。 
  The radio takes four small batteries.
这台收音机需要用4节小电池。 
 

  　first aid       
 
 
 basic medical treatment given as soon as sb. is injured or is ill 急救 
  Get some bandages from the first-aid box, quickly.
从急救箱拿些绷带来，要快。 
  Do you know anything about first-aid?
你会急救吗？ 
 

  spade       
 
 
n. [C] a tool used for digging 锹 
  He uses a spade to dig the garden.
他用铁锹在花园里挖土。 
 

  extinguish       
 
 
vt. 1. make a fire stop burning 使熄灭；扑灭 
  It took us hours to extinguish the fires.
我们用了好几个小时才把火扑灭。 
  Someone had extinguished the lights in the kitchen.
有人把厨房的灯灭了。 
 2. make an idea or feeling stop 使破灭 
  Nothing could extinguish his love for her.
没有什么能阻止他对她的爱。 
  We must try to extinguish the memory of what has happened, and look to

the future.
我们必须抹去对过去的事情的记忆，要向前看。 
 

  　extinguisher       
 
 
n. [C] a metal container with water or chemicals in it, used for stopping

small fires 灭火器 
  There are fire extinguishers on every floor of the building.
大楼的每一层都有灭火器。 
  Using extinguishers, he put out the fire and did not leave until all

danger was passed.
他用灭火器把火扑灭，直到不再有任何危险后才离开。 
 

  handy       
 
 
a. near and easy to reach 手边的 
  Always keep a first-aid kit handy.
身边常备一个急救箱。 
  He always keeps a pen handy for signing for his fans.
为了给他的崇拜者签字，他总是随身带着笔。 
 

  portable       
 
 
a. able to be carried or moved easily 轻便的；手提式的 
  I always carry a portable computer with me.
我总是随身带着一台手提式计算机。 
  This hospital has its own portable X-ray equipment.
这家医院拥有自己的便携式X光设备。 
 

  boot       
 
 
n. [C] a type of shoes that covers the foot and part of the leg 靴子 
  I put on my coat and new leather boots.
我穿上外套和新皮靴。 
  She was wearing the sort of thick heavy boots that soldiers wear.
她穿着士兵穿的那种厚重的靴子。 
 

  fragment       
 
 
n. [C] a small piece of sth. that has broken 碎片；断片 
  The road was covered with fragments of glass from the broken window.
马路上洒满了被打破的窗户的玻璃碎片。 
  He could only remember fragments of what happened.
对于所发生的事他只记得一些零星的情况。 
 

  chaos       
 
 
n. [U] a state of confusion and disorder 混乱；无秩序 
  Snow and ice have caused chaos on the roads.
冰雪导致道路上秩序混乱。 
  After the failure of electricity supplies, the city was in chaos.
断电之后全城一片混乱。 
 

  arrangement       
 
 
n. [C] an agreement or plan made in preparation for sth. 安排；筹备 
  It would normally cost $500, but I'm sure we can come to some

arrangement.
正常价格是500美元，但我相信我们可以再协商。 
  They made an arrangement to share the cost of the food.
他们商议好如何分担食物的费用。 
 

  sensible       
 
 
a. reasonable and practical 明智的；合理的 
  I think the sensible thing to do is to phone before you go.
我觉得在你去之前{zh0}先打个电话。 
  It was sensible of her to postpone the trip.
她推迟旅行是明智的。 
 

  crust       
 
 
n. 1. [C, U] the thick outer surface of the Earth 外壳；地壳 
  A crust appears to have formed over the volcanic rubble.
火山石表面似乎形成了一层硬壳。 
  The crust can be divided into two types, oceanic and continental.
地壳可以被分成两类：海洋性的和大陆性的。 
  2. [C, U] the hard outer surface of bread 面包皮
  He only eats sandwiches with the crusts cut off.
他只吃去掉面包皮的三明治。
Spoon ice-cream mixture into ready-made pie crust.
用餐匙将冰淇淋混合物放进做好的馅饼皮儿里。 

  probability       
 
 
n. [C, U] how likely sth. is to happen 可能性 
  There's very little probability of an agreement being reached.
达成协议的可能性很小。 
  There is a strong probability that the tumor is operable.
这个肿瘤极可能是可以割除的。 
 

  accuracy       
 
 
n. [U] the quality of being accurate jq性，准确性 
  The computer can predict changes with a surprising degree of accuracy.
计算机可以以惊人的准确性预测变化。 
  Accuracy is essential in the calculation.
在计算中准确性是非常重要的。 
 

  prediction       
 
 
n. [C, U] a statement about what one thinks will happen in the future 预

测；预言 
  a prediction of catastrophe
对大灾难的预言 
  The government maintained its prediction that inflation will hold to

8.5% this year.
政府坚持其预测，认为今年的通货膨胀会保持在8.5%。 
 

  occurrence       
 
 
n. [C] sth. that happens, esp. sth. unexpected and unpleasant 事情；事件 
  Fighting is an everyday occurrence in this area of the city.
在城市的这个地区，街头殴斗是每天都要发生的事情。 
 

  resistant       
 
 
a. 1. not harmed or affected by sth. 对...有抵抗力的 
  a disease that is resistant to antibiotics
对kss有抗药力的一种疾病 
  Employers by and large are resistant to mediation.
从总体上说，雇主是dz调解的。 
 2. opposed to sth. dz的；对抗的 
  Why are you so resistant to change?
你为何如此反对变革？ 
  My country is strongly resistant to any foreign interference.
我国强烈反对任何外国干涉。 
 

  precaution       
 
 
n. [C] an action which is done to prevent sth. unpleasant or dangerous

from happening 预防；预防措施 
  Half of all burglaries are carried out on homes whose owners have

failed to take the basic precaution of locking doors and windows.
一半的盗窃发生在主人未采取锁门关窗这样基本预防措施的人家。 
  We have taken all the precautions we can against the painting being

stolen.
我们采取了一切可能的措施防止这幅画被盗。 
 

  related       
 
 
a. connected in some way 有关系的 
  The program deals with drug addiction, juvenile crime, and related

issues.
该计划涉及xd、少年犯罪和其他相关的一些问题。 
  The fall in the cost of living is directly related to the drop in the

oil price.
生活费用下降直接与石油价格下跌有关。 
 

  in addition to        
 
 
as an extra person, thing or situation to sth. 除...之外还
 
The boss worked him 16 hours a day and beat him in addition.
老板要他每天干16个钟头的活，还打他。
 
On the first day over 300 people visited the exhibition, in addition to

those who were present at the opening ceremony.
除了出席开幕式的人之外，{dy}天有300多人参加了展览会。
 
 

  if/when/where necessary        
 
 
when it is necessary 如有必要的话
 
This discussion can, if necessary, be continued tomorrow.
如有必要，这个讨论会可在明天继续进行。
 
I'll stay up all night, if necessary, to get it finished.
如有必要，我会呆一晚上，直到将它完成。
 
 

  agree on/upon        
 
 
have the same opinion about 就...达成一致意见
 
Musicians rarely agree on the way a piece of music should be played.
音乐家们对一部作品的演奏方式很难达成一致意见。
 
We couldn't agree on the date to meet.
我们未能就见面的日期达成一致意见。

  make a difference   
 
 
have an effect on sb. or sth. （对某人或物）有影响/起作用
 
A week's holiday made a lot of difference to her health.
一个星期的假期对她的健康有很大帮助。
 
It makes great difference to a job-seeker if he or she has some working

experience.
对找工作的人来说，如果有些工作经验就大不一样了。